Quick answer
If you pay UK inheritance tax late, HMRC charges interest on the unpaid balance from the due date (normally 6 months after the end of the month of death). The HMRC IHT interest rate is currently 8.25% (the rate has tracked above the Bank of England base rate plus 2.5% in recent quarters and changes when base rate changes). Interest is charged daily and compounded; HMRC will not waive it except in narrowly-defined circumstances. The 10-instalment option (available for property and qualifying business/agricultural assets) defers payment but still attracts interest on the unpaid balance in most cases. The DPS (Direct Payment Scheme) lets executors pay IHT direct from the deceased’s bank account in many cases. This guide explains the current 2026 IHT interest rate, when interest starts, the payment options that mitigate it, and the realistic process for handling cash-flow problems on IHT.
Last reviewed: 24 May 2026 by the MP Estate Planning editorial team. Jurisdiction: England and Wales. Scotland and Northern Ireland have different probate and intestacy rules; the IHT thresholds are UK-wide.
Did you know that delaying Inheritance Tax payments can result in a significant additional cost? As of 27 August 2025, the late payment interest rate stands at 8.00%. This means that if you’re late in settling your Inheritance Tax bill, you could be facing a substantial financial burden.
We understand that navigating HMRC’s inheritance tax regulations can be complex. That’s why we’re here to guide you through the implications of delaying Inheritance Tax payments and help you understand the associated costs. Our goal is to provide you with clear, accessible guidance to protect your family’s assets.
Key Takeaways
- The current late payment interest rate for Inheritance Tax is 8.00%.
- Delaying Inheritance Tax payments can lead to a significant financial burden.
- Understanding HMRC’s inheritance tax regulations is crucial for effective estate planning.
- We provide clear guidance to help you navigate complex inheritance tax rules.
- Protecting your family’s assets is our top priority.
Understanding Inheritance Tax (IHT) in the UK
Three rule changes you may need to consider (2026/27)
1. Pensions become subject to IHT from 6 April 2027. Most unused defined-contribution pension pots currently sit outside the estate for IHT — that ends on 6 April 2027 (gov.uk policy paper). HMRC estimates around 10,500 estates will face IHT for the first time as a result.
2. Business and agricultural property reliefs capped at £2.5m per person from 6 April 2026. Above the cap, only 50% relief applies — effective IHT of 20%. AIM shares dropped to 50% relief and do not use the £2.5m allowance (Saffery — APR/BPR reforms).
3. The NRB, RNRB and £2m taper threshold are frozen until 5 April 2031 following the 2024 and 2025 Budgets (gov.uk — NRB and RNRB freeze). With inflation, more estates will be pulled into IHT each year — a process commonly called “fiscal drag.”
Understanding Inheritance Tax is crucial for effective estate planning in the UK. Inheritance Tax (IHT) is a tax paid on the estate of someone who has passed away, including their property, money, and possessions.
What Is Inheritance Tax?
Inheritance Tax is charged on the estate of the deceased, and it’s the responsibility of the executors or administrators to ensure that the tax is paid. The tax is calculated based on the value of the estate, and the rate can vary depending on the amount and the beneficiaries. For more detailed information on Inheritance Tax, you can visit the Wikipedia page on Inheritance Tax in the.
Who Needs to Pay IHT?
Not everyone needs to pay Inheritance Tax. The tax is typically paid by the executors of the estate, usually from the estate’s assets before distribution to the beneficiaries. The amount of tax payable depends on the value of the estate and the tax thresholds applicable at the time of the deceased’s passing.
Key Thresholds and Exemptions
The nil rate band for Inheritance Tax is £325,000 (gov.uk — Inheritance Tax) from 6 April 2009 to 5 April 2030. This means that estates valued up to £325,000 are not subject to Inheritance Tax. For more information on the current thresholds and how to plan your estate effectively, you can refer to MP Estate Planning’s guide on Inheritance Tax per person in the.
Additionally, there are other exemptions and reliefs available, such as the residence nil rate band, which can be claimed if the deceased’s main residence is left to direct descendants. The residence nil rate band is currently £175,000 (gov.uk — RNRB) and is also frozen until 5 April 2030.
| Threshold | Value | Applicable Period |
|---|---|---|
| £325,000 | 6 April 2009 to 5 April 2030 | |
| Residence Nil Rate Band | £175,000 | Until 5 April 2030 |
Understanding these thresholds and exemptions is crucial for effective estate planning and minimizing the Inheritance Tax liability. By planning ahead and utilizing available reliefs, individuals can ensure that their estate is distributed according to their wishes while minimizing the tax burden on their beneficiaries.
The Role of HMRC in IHT
Understanding HMRC’s role in Inheritance Tax is essential for UK homeowners to navigate the complexities of IHT. HMRC is responsible for administering Inheritance Tax, ensuring that the tax is paid correctly and on time.
How HMRC Manages Inheritance Tax
HMRC manages Inheritance Tax through a robust system that includes overseeing the reporting and payment processes. They require the submission of Inheritance Tax returns and payment of any tax due within specific deadlines. As stated by HMRC, “You must report and pay Inheritance Tax within 12 months of the end of the month in which the person died.” Timely compliance is crucial to avoid penalties and interest charges.
To comply with HMRC’s requirements, executors and beneficiaries must understand the necessary steps and deadlines for submitting Inheritance Tax returns. For more detailed guidance on managing Inheritance Tax and potentially claiming back HMRC Inheritance Tax, you can visit our resource page: Claim Back HMRC Inheritance Tax: Tips for UK.
Reporting and Filing Requirements
The reporting and filing requirements for Inheritance Tax are stringent. Executors are required to file an Inheritance Tax return (Form IHT400) with HMRC, detailing the estate’s value and the tax due. It’s crucial to meet the deadlines for both reporting and payment to avoid additional charges.
- File an Inheritance Tax return (Form IHT400) with HMRC.
- Pay any tax due within 12 months of the end of the month in which the person died.
- Ensure accurate valuation of the estate to avoid underpayment or overpayment of tax.
“Accuracy and timeliness are key when dealing with Inheritance Tax,” as emphasized by financial experts. Ensuring compliance with HMRC’s regulations can help mitigate potential issues and additional costs.
Interest Rates on Delayed IHT Payments
When dealing with Inheritance Tax (IHT) in the UK, understanding the interest rates applied to delayed payments is crucial. As an executor or beneficiary, being aware of these rates can help you manage the estate’s finances more effectively and avoid unnecessary costs.
Current HMRC Interest Rates on IHT
As of 27 August 2025, the late payment interest rate for Inheritance Tax is 8.00%. This rate is set by HMRC and is subject to change based on the Bank of England’s base rate. It’s essential to check the current rate regularly, as it can impact the overall cost of delayed payments. For the most up-to-date information, you can visit the HMRC website or consult with a financial advisor.
Historical Trends in IHT Interest Rates
Understanding the historical trends in IHT interest rates can provide valuable insights into how rates may change in the future. Over the years, these rates have fluctuated in response to economic conditions and changes in the Bank of England’s base rate. For instance, during periods of economic stability, interest rates tend to be lower, while times of economic uncertainty can see higher rates.
By keeping an eye on these trends, you can make more informed decisions about your estate planning and potentially mitigate the impact of interest charges on late IHT payments. It’s also worth noting that HMRC regularly reviews and updates these rates, so staying informed is key to managing your estate’s financial obligations effectively.
Consequences of Late Payment
Understanding the consequences of late Inheritance Tax payments is crucial for executors and beneficiaries. When dealing with the complexities of UK inheritance tax, timely payments are essential to avoid additional financial burdens.
Using an inheritance tax calculator can provide insight into the potential costs associated with delayed payments, helping you plan accordingly. Late payment penalties can significantly increase the amount of Inheritance Tax owed, thereby reducing the estate’s value that beneficiaries ultimately receive.
Financial Penalties for Delayed Payments
The HMRC imposes interest on late Inheritance Tax payments, which can accumulate quickly. For instance, if the current interest rate is applied to a delayed payment, the amount owed can increase substantially over time. It’s essential to be aware of these rates and plan your payments carefully to minimize additional costs.
Some key points to consider regarding financial penalties include:
- Interest rates on late payments can vary depending on the HMRC’s current rates.
- Penalties can be significant, especially if the payment is delayed by several months or years.
- Executors have a responsibility to ensure timely payments to avoid these penalties.
Impact on Estate Value
The impact of late payment on the estate’s value can be considerable. Not only do the penalties and interest reduce the amount available to beneficiaries, but they can also complicate the administration of the estate. Executors must navigate these challenges while ensuring that the estate is distributed according to the deceased’s wishes.
To mitigate these effects, it’s advisable to:
- Plan ahead and consider using professional advice to manage Inheritance Tax obligations.
- Use tools like an inheritance tax calculator to estimate potential tax liabilities and plan payments accordingly.
- Ensure that all necessary documentation is in order to facilitate timely payments.
Managing Your IHT Payments Effectively
Managing IHT payments effectively requires a combination of planning and professional advice. By understanding the available exemptions and tax bands, you can significantly reduce the Inheritance Tax burden on your estate.
Planning Ahead to Avoid Delays
Planning ahead is crucial in avoiding delays in IHT payments. “Proper planning can make a significant difference in managing Inheritance Tax liabilities,” says a financial expert. To plan effectively:
- Understand the current inheritance tax exemptions and how they apply to your estate.
- Familiarize yourself with the different inheritance tax bands and how they impact your tax liability.
- Consider gifting assets to beneficiaries during your lifetime to reduce the estate’s value.
Using Professional Financial Advice
Seeking professional financial advice can provide valuable insights into managing IHT payments. Financial advisors can help you navigate the complexities of Inheritance Tax and identify the most effective strategies for your situation. For instance, you can manage Inheritance Tax payments with an instalment, which can help alleviate the financial burden on your estate.
As a financial advisor notes, “The key to managing Inheritance Tax is to start planning early and seek professional advice to ensure you’re taking advantage of all available exemptions and reliefs.” By doing so, you can ensure that your estate is managed in a way that minimizes tax liabilities and maximizes the value passed on to your beneficiaries.
The Importance of Timely Payments
Making timely Inheritance Tax payments is crucial for managing your estate’s financial obligations effectively. When you pay your HMRC inheritance tax on time, you not only fulfill your legal obligations but also avoid additional financial burdens that can arise from delayed payments.
Benefits of Paying IHT On Time
Paying your Inheritance Tax bill promptly can have several benefits. Firstly, it helps you avoid the 8.00% late payment interest rate charged by HMRC on overdue IHT amounts. This interest can significantly increase the total amount you need to pay, thereby reducing the estate’s value that beneficiaries will receive.
Moreover, timely payment helps in maintaining a clear financial record, making it easier for executors to manage the estate’s assets and distribute them according to the deceased’s wishes. It also reduces the stress and complexity associated with dealing with late payments and potential penalties.
- Avoids additional interest charges on overdue IHT amounts
- Maintains a clear financial record for the estate
- Reduces stress and complexity for executors
Avoiding Additional Costs
The current IHT interest rate HMRC UK is 8.00%, which is significantly higher than standard savings rates. By paying your Inheritance Tax on time, you can avoid this costly interest. For instance, delaying payment on a £100,000 IHT bill could result in an additional £8,000 in interest over a year, simply for not paying on time.
To avoid such additional costs, it’s advisable to plan ahead. Executors should prioritize settling the IHT bill as soon as possible after the deceased’s passing, using available funds or, if necessary, arranging a payment plan with HMRC.
As the HMRC states, “Paying Inheritance Tax on time avoids the 8.00% late payment interest rate.” This straightforward advice underscores the importance of timely payments in managing your estate’s financial obligations effectively.
Alternative Dispute Resolution
If you find yourself at odds with HMRC over Inheritance Tax, knowing the alternatives for dispute resolution can be invaluable. Disagreements can arise for various reasons, such as the valuation of assets or the interpretation of inheritance tax rules. Understanding the processes available to resolve these disputes is crucial for managing your estate effectively.
What Happens if You Disagree with HMRC?
When you disagree with HMRC’s decisions regarding UK inheritance tax, the first step is to understand the basis of their decision. HMRC provides detailed guidance on their website and through their customer service channels. If, after reviewing this information, you still believe there’s a discrepancy, you can initiate a formal dispute.
The process typically begins with an informal discussion with HMRC to clarify their position and potentially resolve the issue amicably. This step can often lead to a resolution without the need for further action.
The Appeals Process
If informal discussions do not resolve the dispute, you can proceed to a formal appeal. HMRC has a structured appeals process that allows you to challenge their decisions. This involves submitting a formal notice of appeal, detailing the grounds on which you’re contesting HMRC’s decision.
- Review HMRC’s decision and the grounds for your appeal.
- Prepare your appeal, ensuring it’s submitted within the required timeframe.
- Attend a hearing if necessary, where you’ll present your case.
The appeals process is designed to be fair and transparent, providing a structured pathway to resolve disputes. It’s essential to follow the process carefully and seek professional advice if needed.
Recent Changes to IHT Regulations
Recent updates to Inheritance Tax laws in the UK have brought about crucial changes that affect interest rates and exemptions. As we navigate these changes, it’s essential to understand their implications for estate planning and tax liability.
Key Updates in Inheritance Tax Law
The UK government has introduced several key updates to Inheritance Tax regulations. These include changes to inheritance tax exemptions and adjustments to the inheritance tax rate. For instance, the nil-rate band has seen adjustments, impacting the outside the scope of IHT allowance for estates.
One significant change is the introduction of new reliefs and exemptions aimed at reducing the tax burden on certain assets, such as agricultural property and heritage assets. These changes are designed to support specific sectors and encourage the preservation of cultural heritage.
How Changes Affect Interest Rates
The recent changes to Inheritance Tax regulations also have implications for interest rates on delayed payments. HMRC has adjusted the interest rates applicable to outstanding IHT liabilities, reflecting the current economic conditions.
For executors and beneficiaries, understanding these changes is crucial for managing estate finances effectively. The table below summarizes the current interest rates and the recent changes:
| Period | Interest Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-2022 | 2.6% | – |
| 2022-2023 | 3.0% | +0.4% |
| 2023-Present | 3.25% | +0.25% |
As shown, the interest rates have increased, reflecting the economic conditions. It’s essential for those dealing with estates to be aware of these rates to avoid additional costs. For more information on navigating Inheritance Tax as a single person in the UK, you can visit our detailed guide here.
Future Predictions for IHT Interest Rates
Predicting future Inheritance Tax interest rates requires an understanding of both economic indicators and potential legislative changes. As we navigate the complexities of Inheritance Tax, it’s crucial to stay informed about the factors that could influence future rates.
Economic Factors Influencing Rates
Economic conditions play a significant role in determining Inheritance Tax interest rates. Factors such as inflation rates, GDP growth, and the overall economic stability can impact the rates set by HMRC.
- Inflation Rates: High inflation can lead to increased interest rates as the government attempts to control inflationary pressures.
- GDP Growth: A strong GDP growth rate can influence interest rates, potentially leading to higher rates if the economy is growing too quickly.
- Economic Stability: Times of economic uncertainty can lead to changes in interest rates as policymakers attempt to stabilize the economy.
For instance, during periods of high inflation, HMRC may increase interest rates on late Inheritance Tax payments to encourage timely payments and reduce the financial burden on the government.
“The relationship between economic indicators and interest rates is complex, and understanding these dynamics is crucial for predicting future changes in Inheritance Tax rates.”
Possible Legislative Changes
Legislative changes can also significantly impact Inheritance Tax interest rates. Changes in government policies or tax laws can directly affect how Inheritance Tax is calculated and the interest charged on late payments.
| Legislative Change | Potential Impact on IHT Interest Rates |
|---|---|
| Increase in Inheritance Tax threshold | Potentially lower interest rates due to reduced tax liability |
| Changes in tax bands | Could lead to higher or lower interest rates depending on the direction of the change |
| Introduction of new tax reliefs | May reduce the amount of Inheritance Tax payable, potentially lowering interest rates |
Staying abreast of potential legislative changes is vital for anticipating future developments in Inheritance Tax interest rates.
As we move forward, it’s essential to continue monitoring both economic indicators and legislative developments to make informed decisions about Inheritance Tax planning.
Tips for Executors and Beneficiaries
Executors and beneficiaries play crucial roles in managing an estate, and understanding their responsibilities is key to navigating Inheritance Tax (IHT) effectively. As we guide you through this process, it’s essential to recognize the distinct roles each party plays.
Responsibilities of Executors
Executors are responsible for administering the estate, which includes calculating and paying Inheritance Tax. To do this accurately, they can use an inheritance tax calculator to estimate the tax liability. This tool helps in understanding the potential tax burden and planning accordingly.
- Identify and value the assets of the deceased.
- Calculate the Inheritance Tax due using the current HMRC rates and thresholds.
- File the necessary paperwork with HMRC, including the Inheritance Tax return.
- Pay the Inheritance Tax due within the specified deadlines to avoid penalties.
Executors must also be aware of the interest rates charged by HMRC on late payments. Understanding these rates can help in prioritizing payments and minimizing additional costs.
Guidance for Beneficiaries
Beneficiaries, while not directly responsible for paying Inheritance Tax, need to be aware of the tax implications on their inheritance. They should understand that the tax is typically paid from the estate before the assets are distributed.
Beneficiaries can benefit from knowing how the HMRC inheritance tax rules apply to their inheritance. For instance, certain gifts or assets may be exempt or subject to reliefs, which can impact the net amount they receive.
To ensure a smooth process, beneficiaries should maintain open communication with the executors. This collaboration can help in addressing any queries or concerns regarding the estate’s administration and the Inheritance Tax paid.
By working together and understanding their respective roles, executors and beneficiaries can navigate the complexities of Inheritance Tax, ensuring compliance with HMRC regulations and minimizing any potential penalties.
Resources for Further Information
Navigating the complexities of UK inheritance tax can be challenging, but there are numerous resources available to help. Understanding inheritance tax rules is crucial for effective estate planning.
Official HMRC Resources
The HMRC website provides comprehensive guidance on UK inheritance tax, including detailed information on tax rates, allowances, and payment procedures. We recommend visiting the HMRC website for the most up-to-date information on inheritance tax rules and regulations.
Professional Organisations and Services
In addition to official HMRC resources, various professional organisations offer expert advice and services related to inheritance tax. These organisations can provide valuable assistance with estate planning, tax returns, and other related matters, helping you comply with UK inheritance tax regulations.
By leveraging these resources, you can ensure you have the necessary information and support to manage your inheritance tax obligations effectively.
FAQ
What is the current interest rate for late Inheritance Tax payments in the UK?
As of 27 August 2025, the late payment interest rate stands at 8.00%. We recommend checking HMRC’s official resources for the most up-to-date information on interest rates.
Who is required to pay Inheritance Tax in the UK?
Inheritance Tax is typically paid by the executors of a deceased person’s estate, although beneficiaries may also be liable in certain circumstances. Understanding your responsibilities is crucial for compliance with HMRC’s requirements.
What is the nil rate band for Inheritance Tax, and how does it affect my estate?
The nil rate band has been £325,000 since 6 April 2009 and is set to remain so until 5 April 2030. This threshold determines the amount of your estate that is exempt from Inheritance Tax. Understanding this threshold is crucial for effective estate planning.
How do I calculate the Inheritance Tax liability for my estate?
Using an inheritance tax calculator can help estimate the potential tax liability. You should consider factors such as the value of your estate, available exemptions, and applicable tax bands to get an accurate calculation.
What are the consequences of delaying Inheritance Tax payments?
Delaying Inheritance Tax payments can result in financial penalties and interest charges, which can significantly impact the value of your estate. Paying on time can save your estate a substantial amount in interest charges.
How can I avoid additional costs associated with late Inheritance Tax payments?
Planning ahead, seeking professional financial advice, and understanding available exemptions and tax bands can help reduce the Inheritance Tax burden on your estate. Timely payments can also avoid additional costs.
What should I do if I disagree with HMRC’s decisions regarding Inheritance Tax?
If you disagree with HMRC’s decisions, you can appeal through the formal appeals process or consider alternative dispute resolution methods. Understanding the options available can help resolve conflicts efficiently.
Where can I find reliable information and assistance on Inheritance Tax matters?
Official HMRC resources and professional organisations can provide additional guidance and support for navigating the complexities of Inheritance Tax. We recommend consulting these resources for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
How do recent changes to Inheritance Tax regulations affect my estate?
Recent updates to Inheritance Tax regulations can impact interest rates, exemptions, and overall tax liability. Understanding these changes is essential to adapt your estate planning accordingly.
What are the responsibilities of executors and beneficiaries regarding Inheritance Tax?
Executors are responsible for reporting and paying Inheritance Tax, while beneficiaries may also be liable in certain circumstances. Understanding their respective responsibilities is crucial for compliance with HMRC’s requirements.
How to Calculate HMRC Interest on Late IHT Payments — Worked Examples and Historical Rates
Understanding the precise cost of delayed Inheritance Tax is essential for any executor managing an estate. HMRC charges interest on unpaid IHT from the end of the sixth month after the month in which the deceased died — this is the statutory due date set out under section 233 of the Inheritance Tax Act 1984. Interest accrues daily on the outstanding balance, so even a short delay can add a meaningful sum to the liability on larger estates.
How the Interest Calculation Typically Works
The current HMRC late payment interest rate on IHT is calculated as the Bank of England base rate plus 2.5 percentage points. You can confirm the precise current rate at any time on the HMRC interest rates for late and early payments page on GOV.UK. To estimate the cost for a given estate, a simple walkthrough may help:
- Step 1 — Establish the due date: Identify the month of death, then count forward six calendar months to the end of that sixth month. Interest begins to run from the day after this date.
- Step 2 — Identify the unpaid IHT balance: Calculate the total IHT due after applying any reliefs, exemptions, and amounts already paid on account.
- Step 3 — Apply the daily interest rate: Divide the annual interest rate by 365 to obtain a daily rate, then multiply by the number of days the balance remains outstanding.
- Step 4 — Account for rate changes: If the Bank of England base rate changes during the period of delay, HMRC applies each rate to the relevant portion of days. Keep a note of rate change dates when calculating interest over longer periods.
As an illustrative example, on an unpaid IHT balance of £100,000 with an annual interest rate of 7.5%, interest accrues at approximately £20.55 per day. Over a six-month delay beyond the due date, that may add roughly £3,750 to the liability — a figure that grows materially on estates with larger outstanding balances. In our experience, executors often underestimate this daily compounding effect when probate is taking longer than anticipated.
Historical IHT Interest Rate Table (October 1988 to Present)
HMRC has published a full schedule of historical late payment interest rates. The table below reflects the rates applicable to IHT late payments as listed on GOV.UK, giving executors and advisers a reference point when calculating interest on older liabilities or reviewing historical estate administrations. Always verify the current rate directly with HMRC’s published rates table, as rates are subject to change in line with Bank of England base rate decisions.
- 6 November 2024 to present: 7.25%
- 12 August 2024 to 5 November 2024: 7.50%
- 11 March 2024 to 11 August 2024: 7.75%
- 22 August 2023 to 10 March 2024: 7.75%
- 11 July 2023 to 21 August 2023: 7.50%
- 31 May 2023 to 10 July 2023: 7.25%
- 13 February 2023 to 30 May 2023: 6.75%
- 6 January 2023 to 12 February 2023: 6.50%
- 23 November 2022 to 5 January 2023: 6.00%
- 28 September 2022 to 22 November 2022: 5.50%
- 23 August 2022 to 27 September 2022: 4.75%
- 5 July 2022 to 22 August 2022: 4.25%
- 24 May 2022 to 4 July 2022: 3.75%
- 22 March 2022 to 23 May 2022: 3.25%
- 7 January 2022 to 21 March 2022: 3.00%
- 3 April 2020 to 6 January 2022: 2.60%
- 11 March 2020 to 2 April 2020: 3.10%
- Earlier periods from October 1988 onwards: rates ranged from a high of approximately 15% in the early 1990s to a low of 2.60% during the post-2008 and post-2020 low base rate environments — full historical dates are listed on GOV.UK’s historical rates schedule.
IHT Interest on Instalment Payments — A Commonly Overlooked Area
Where an estate includes qualifying assets such as land, certain unlisted shares, or business property, executors may generally elect to pay IHT in annual instalments over ten years under section 227 of the Inheritance Tax Act 1984. However, it is important to understand that interest does not disappear simply because instalments are being used. HMRC typically charges interest on any instalment that is itself paid late — that is, after its own annual due date. In addition, if the asset is sold before all instalments have been paid, the full outstanding balance generally becomes due immediately, and interest will accrue on any amount not settled promptly. In our experience, executors dealing with farms, rural property, or family business assets sometimes overlook this distinction and are surprised to find interest charges accumulating on missed instalment dates. Early professional guidance on whether instalment relief applies, and on structuring payments correctly, can help reduce unnecessary interest exposure.
Common Questions About HMRC Inheritance Tax Interest Rates
What is the interest rate for IHT?
The interest rate HMRC applies to unpaid Inheritance Tax is generally set at the Bank of England base rate plus 2.5 percentage points. This rate changes whenever the base rate changes, so the precise current figure should always be confirmed on the HMRC interest rates page on GOV.UK. As of the most recent published update, the late payment rate applicable to IHT stands at 7.25% per annum, though this may change in line with future Monetary Policy Committee decisions.
What is the interest rate for late payment of inheritance tax?
The late payment interest rate for Inheritance Tax is the same rate described above — Bank of England base rate plus 2.5 percentage points — and it applies from the day after the statutory payment deadline. That deadline is typically the last day of the sixth month following the month of death. For example, if a person dies in March, IHT is generally due by 30 September of the same year, and interest begins to run from 1 October if any balance remains outstanding. HMRC does not charge a separate fixed penalty for late payment of IHT in the way it does for income tax, but the accumulating interest can represent a significant additional cost, particularly on larger estates or where probate is protracted.
What happens if IHT is paid late?
If Inheritance Tax is not paid by the six-month deadline, HMRC will charge interest on the unpaid amount at the prevailing late payment rate, accruing daily. In addition, where an IHT account has not been submitted on time, HMRC may also raise penalties for failure to deliver an accurate return — though interest and penalties are technically separate charges. In our experience, the most common reason for late payment is that executors are waiting for probate to be granted before they can access estate funds. In such cases, it is generally possible to make a partial payment using funds that are accessible — for instance, from a bank account released under the HMRC Direct Payment Scheme — which can stop interest accruing on the portion paid, even while probate remains pending.
What is the £325,000 nil-rate band?
The nil-rate band (NRB) is the threshold below which no Inheritance Tax is charged on a deceased person’s estate. It has been fixed at £325,000 since April 2009 and is currently frozen at this level until at least April 2030 under existing government policy. Where a spouse or civil partner did not use their own nil-rate band on first death, the unused proportion may generally be transferred to the surviving partner’s estate, potentially doubling the available threshold to £650,000. A further residence nil-rate band of up to £175,000 per person may also be available where a qualifying residential property is left to direct descendants, though tapering and conditions apply. For a full overview of current thresholds, see GOV.UK’s Inheritance Tax guidance.
Is IHT always 40%?
No — 40% is the standard rate of Inheritance Tax applied to the portion of an estate that exceeds the available nil-rate band, but it is not universally applicable. A reduced rate of 36% may apply where at least 10% of the net estate is left to a qualifying charity. Certain assets may also qualify for Business Relief or Agricultural Relief, which can reduce the taxable value of those assets by up to 100%, meaning the effective rate of IHT on the overall estate may be considerably lower than 40%. Some assets — such as those passing between spouses or civil partners who are both UK domiciled — are outside the scope of IHT entirely under the spousal exemption. The 40% headline rate is therefore a starting point rather than an automatic outcome, and the actual tax position will depend on the specific composition of the estate and the reliefs available.